Rules/Tests
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Ambidextrous Pitcher
NFHS
Rule 6 Pitching
Section 1
Article1
If a pitcher is ambidextrous, the umpire shall require the pitcher to face a batter as either a left-handed pitcher or right-handed pitcher, but not both.
NCAA
Section 9.2, k
MLB
Section 8.01,f
Rule 6 Pitching
Section 1
Article1
If a pitcher is ambidextrous, the umpire shall require the pitcher to face a batter as either a left-handed pitcher or right-handed pitcher, but not both.
NCAA
Section 9.2, k
MLB
Section 8.01,f
Assuming a Double Play
1) Force play slide rule
2) Runner hit by fair batted ball in an obvious double play situation.
3) Interference by batter in an obvious double play situation
2) Runner hit by fair batted ball in an obvious double play situation.
3) Interference by batter in an obvious double play situation
Batting Out of Order
NFHS
2011
Rule 7, Batting
Section 1, Position and Batting Order
Penalties
Number 1-5
Note
2011
Rule 7, Batting
Section 1, Position and Batting Order
Penalties
Number 1-5
Note
Catch
Declaring Game Over
NFHS
2011
Rule 9, Scoring - Record Keeping
Section 1, How a Team Scores
Article 1
Note 2
When the winning run is scored in the last half inning of a regulation game, or in the last half inning of an extra inning game, as the result of a base on balls, hit batter, or any other play with the bases loaded which forces the runner on third base to advance, the umpire shall not declare the game over until all runners have advanced to the next base.
2011
Rule 9, Scoring - Record Keeping
Section 1, How a Team Scores
Article 1
Note 2
When the winning run is scored in the last half inning of a regulation game, or in the last half inning of an extra inning game, as the result of a base on balls, hit batter, or any other play with the bases loaded which forces the runner on third base to advance, the umpire shall not declare the game over until all runners have advanced to the next base.
Foul Tip
NFHS
2011
Rule 2, Playing Terms and Definitions
Section 16, Foul, Foul Tip
Article 2, Foul Tip
A foul tip is batted ball that goes directly to the catcher's hands and is legally caught by the catcher. It is a strike and the ball is in play.
LLB
2010
Rule 2.00, Definitions of Terms
Foul Tip
A Foul Tip
2011
Rule 2, Playing Terms and Definitions
Section 16, Foul, Foul Tip
Article 2, Foul Tip
A foul tip is batted ball that goes directly to the catcher's hands and is legally caught by the catcher. It is a strike and the ball is in play.
LLB
2010
Rule 2.00, Definitions of Terms
Foul Tip
A Foul Tip
Infield Fly Rule
NFHS
2011
Rule 2, Playing Terms and Definitions
Section 19, Infield Fly
An infield fly is a fly (not including a line drive nor an attempted bunt) which can be caught by an infielder with ordinary effort, (rule does not precclude outfielders from being allowed to attempt to make the catch) and provided the hit is made before two are out and at a time when first and second bases or all bases are occupied. When it seems apparent that a batted ball will be an infield fly, the umpire immediately anoounces it for the benefit of the runners. If the ball is near a baseline, the umpire shall declare, "Infield fly, if fair". (See 8-4-1j for batter being out and right of base runner to advance after retouching his base.)
Personal Comment: The right of base runner to advance after retouching his base at the time the fly ball is touched by the fielder.
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 1, The batter-runner is out when:
Sub-Article j
Batter-runner is out when hits an infield fly and the infield fly rule is in effect.
NFHS
2011
Rule 5, Dead Ball-Suspension of Play
Section 1, Dead Ball
Article 1, Ball becomes dead immediately when:
Sub-Article j
Exception
Ball becomes dead immediately when an infielder intentionally drops a fair fly, fair line drive, or fair bunt in flight with at least first base occupied and with less than two outs. Exception: infield fly rule (See 2-19)
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 1, The batter-runner is out when:
Sub-Article c
Number 1
Batter-runner is out when his fair fly, fair line drive or fair bunt in flight is intentionally dropped by an infielder with at least first base occupied and before there are two outs. The ball is dead and the runner or runners shall return to their respective base(s).
1) In this situation, the batter is not out if the infielder permits the fair fly, fair line drive or fair bunt in flight to drop untouched to the ground except when the infield fly rule (2-19) applies (5-1-1).
Personal Comment: Since 8-4-1-c-1 states untouched, it leaves the inference that when intentionally dropped in 8-4-1-c it means touched when dropped.
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 2, Any runner is out when he:
Sub-Article j
Number 1
Any runner is out when he fails to reach the next base before a fielder either tags the runner out or holds the ball while touching such base, after runner has been forced from the base he occupied because the batter became a runner (with ball in play) when other runners were on fitst base, or on first and second, or on first, second and third. There shall be no accidental appeals on a force play.
1) No runner may be forced out if a runner who follows him in the batting order is first put out (including a batter-runner who is out for an infield fly).
Personal Comment: It is crystal clear that when the infield fly rule is in effect, runners can not be forced out, they must be tagged/touched with ball to be put out.
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 2, Any runner is out when he:
Sub-Article k
Number 1, 2
Any runner is out when he is contacted by a fair batted ball before it touches an infielder, or after it passes any infielder, except the pitcher, and the umpire is convinced that another infielder has a play (5-1-1f, 6-1-5).
1) If a runner is touching his base when he is hit by an infield fly, he is not out, but the batter is out by the infield fly rule. The ball is dead, even in the exception.
2) If a runner is hit by an infield fly when he is not touching his base, both he and the batter are out.
LLB
2010
Rule 2.00 Defintions of Terms
Infield Fly
Note 1, 2
An infield fly is a fair fly ball (not including a line drive nor a an attempted bunt) which can be caught by an infielder with ordinary effort, when first , second , or first, second and third base are occupied, before two are out. The pitcher, catcher, and any outfielder stationed in the infield on the play shall be considered infielders for the purpose of this rule.
When it seems apparent that a batted ball will be an Infield Fly, the umpire shall immediately declare "Infield Fly" for the benefit pof the runners. If the ball is near the baseline, the umpire shall declare, "Infield Fly if Fair".
The ball is alive and runners may advance at the risk of that ball being cuaght, or retouch and advance after the ball is touched, the same as on any fly ball. if the hit becomes a foul ball, it is treated the same as any foul.
1) If a declared Infield Fly is allowed to fall untouched to the ground and bounces foul and remains foul before passing first or third base, it is a foul ball. If declared Infield Fly falls untouched to the ground to the ground, outside the baseline and bouces fair before passing first or third base, it is an Infield Fly.
2) The Infield Fly Rule does not apply in Tee Ball.
2011
Rule 2, Playing Terms and Definitions
Section 19, Infield Fly
An infield fly is a fly (not including a line drive nor an attempted bunt) which can be caught by an infielder with ordinary effort, (rule does not precclude outfielders from being allowed to attempt to make the catch) and provided the hit is made before two are out and at a time when first and second bases or all bases are occupied. When it seems apparent that a batted ball will be an infield fly, the umpire immediately anoounces it for the benefit of the runners. If the ball is near a baseline, the umpire shall declare, "Infield fly, if fair". (See 8-4-1j for batter being out and right of base runner to advance after retouching his base.)
Personal Comment: The right of base runner to advance after retouching his base at the time the fly ball is touched by the fielder.
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 1, The batter-runner is out when:
Sub-Article j
Batter-runner is out when hits an infield fly and the infield fly rule is in effect.
NFHS
2011
Rule 5, Dead Ball-Suspension of Play
Section 1, Dead Ball
Article 1, Ball becomes dead immediately when:
Sub-Article j
Exception
Ball becomes dead immediately when an infielder intentionally drops a fair fly, fair line drive, or fair bunt in flight with at least first base occupied and with less than two outs. Exception: infield fly rule (See 2-19)
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 1, The batter-runner is out when:
Sub-Article c
Number 1
Batter-runner is out when his fair fly, fair line drive or fair bunt in flight is intentionally dropped by an infielder with at least first base occupied and before there are two outs. The ball is dead and the runner or runners shall return to their respective base(s).
1) In this situation, the batter is not out if the infielder permits the fair fly, fair line drive or fair bunt in flight to drop untouched to the ground except when the infield fly rule (2-19) applies (5-1-1).
Personal Comment: Since 8-4-1-c-1 states untouched, it leaves the inference that when intentionally dropped in 8-4-1-c it means touched when dropped.
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 2, Any runner is out when he:
Sub-Article j
Number 1
Any runner is out when he fails to reach the next base before a fielder either tags the runner out or holds the ball while touching such base, after runner has been forced from the base he occupied because the batter became a runner (with ball in play) when other runners were on fitst base, or on first and second, or on first, second and third. There shall be no accidental appeals on a force play.
1) No runner may be forced out if a runner who follows him in the batting order is first put out (including a batter-runner who is out for an infield fly).
Personal Comment: It is crystal clear that when the infield fly rule is in effect, runners can not be forced out, they must be tagged/touched with ball to be put out.
NFHS
2011
Rule 8, Baserunning
Section 4, Runner is Out
Article 2, Any runner is out when he:
Sub-Article k
Number 1, 2
Any runner is out when he is contacted by a fair batted ball before it touches an infielder, or after it passes any infielder, except the pitcher, and the umpire is convinced that another infielder has a play (5-1-1f, 6-1-5).
1) If a runner is touching his base when he is hit by an infield fly, he is not out, but the batter is out by the infield fly rule. The ball is dead, even in the exception.
2) If a runner is hit by an infield fly when he is not touching his base, both he and the batter are out.
LLB
2010
Rule 2.00 Defintions of Terms
Infield Fly
Note 1, 2
An infield fly is a fair fly ball (not including a line drive nor a an attempted bunt) which can be caught by an infielder with ordinary effort, when first , second , or first, second and third base are occupied, before two are out. The pitcher, catcher, and any outfielder stationed in the infield on the play shall be considered infielders for the purpose of this rule.
When it seems apparent that a batted ball will be an Infield Fly, the umpire shall immediately declare "Infield Fly" for the benefit pof the runners. If the ball is near the baseline, the umpire shall declare, "Infield Fly if Fair".
The ball is alive and runners may advance at the risk of that ball being cuaght, or retouch and advance after the ball is touched, the same as on any fly ball. if the hit becomes a foul ball, it is treated the same as any foul.
1) If a declared Infield Fly is allowed to fall untouched to the ground and bounces foul and remains foul before passing first or third base, it is a foul ball. If declared Infield Fly falls untouched to the ground to the ground, outside the baseline and bouces fair before passing first or third base, it is an Infield Fly.
2) The Infield Fly Rule does not apply in Tee Ball.
Interactive Baseball Rules (MacroWeb)
Interference (Offense)
Obstruction (Defense)
Running Out of Base Line
Strike Zone
NFHS
2011
Rule 2, Playing Terms and Definitions
Section 35, Strike Zone
The strike zone is that space over home plate, the top of which is halfway between the batter's shoulders and the waistline, and the bottom being the knees, when he assumes his natural batting stance. The height of the strike zone is determined by the batter's normal batting stance. If he crouches or leans over to make the shoulder line lower, the umpire determines height by what would be the batter's normal stance.
LLB
2010
Rule 2, Definition of Terms
Strike Zone
The strike zone is that space over home plate which is between the batter's armpits and the top of the knees when the batter assumes a natual stance. The umpire shall determine the strike zone according to the batter's usual stance when that batter swings at a pitch.
MLB.com
Strike Zone
As of 1996
"The Strike Zone is that area over home plate the upper limit of which is a horizontal line at the midpoint between the top of the shoulders and the top of the uniform pants, and the lower level is a line at the bottom of the knees. The Strike Zone shall be determined from the batter's stance as the batter is prepared to swing at a pitched ball."
2011
Rule 2, Playing Terms and Definitions
Section 35, Strike Zone
The strike zone is that space over home plate, the top of which is halfway between the batter's shoulders and the waistline, and the bottom being the knees, when he assumes his natural batting stance. The height of the strike zone is determined by the batter's normal batting stance. If he crouches or leans over to make the shoulder line lower, the umpire determines height by what would be the batter's normal stance.
LLB
2010
Rule 2, Definition of Terms
Strike Zone
The strike zone is that space over home plate which is between the batter's armpits and the top of the knees when the batter assumes a natual stance. The umpire shall determine the strike zone according to the batter's usual stance when that batter swings at a pitch.
MLB.com
Strike Zone
As of 1996
"The Strike Zone is that area over home plate the upper limit of which is a horizontal line at the midpoint between the top of the shoulders and the top of the uniform pants, and the lower level is a line at the bottom of the knees. The Strike Zone shall be determined from the batter's stance as the batter is prepared to swing at a pitched ball."
